[TestContainers] 스프링부트에서 TestContainer 사용해보기

실행환경

 

Java 17

Intellij IDEA

Gradle

Docker Desktop

 

 

1. Gradle 추가 (JPA, PostgreSQL,  JUnit)

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
    runtimeOnly 'org.postgresql:postgresql'
    testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
    testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter'
    testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:postgresql'
}

 

2. Customer.java 엔티티 생성

package com.testcontainers.demo;

import jakarta.persistence.Column;
import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;
import jakarta.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "customers")
class Customer {

  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private Long id;

  @Column(nullable = false)
  private String name;

  @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
  private String email;

  public Customer() {}

  public Customer(Long id, String name, String email) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.email = email;
  }

  public Long getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public String getEmail() {
    return email;
  }

  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }
}

 

3. JPA repository 생성

package com.testcontainers.demo;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

interface CustomerRepository extends JpaRepository<Customer, Long> {}

 

4. DB 스키마 생성

create table if not exists customers (
    id bigserial not null,
    name varchar not null,
    email varchar not null,
    primary key (id),
    UNIQUE (email)
);

 

application.properties 변경

spring.sql.init.mode=always

 

5. REST API Endpoint 생성

package com.testcontainers.demo;

import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
class CustomerController {

  private final CustomerRepository repo;

  CustomerController(CustomerRepository repo) {
    this.repo = repo;
  }

  @GetMapping("/api/customers")
  List<Customer> getAll() {
    return repo.findAll();
  }
}

 

6. API Endpoint 테스트 작성

 

build.gradle 추가

testImplementation 'io.rest-assured:rest-assured'

 

CustomerControllerTest 생성

 

package com.testcontainers.demo;

import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasSize;

import io.restassured.RestAssured;
import io.restassured.http.ContentType;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.web.server.LocalServerPort;
import org.springframework.test.context.DynamicPropertyRegistry;
import org.springframework.test.context.DynamicPropertySource;
import org.testcontainers.containers.PostgreSQLContainer;

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
class CustomerControllerTest {

  @LocalServerPort
  private Integer port;

  static PostgreSQLContainer<?> postgres = new PostgreSQLContainer<>(
    "postgres:15-alpine"
  );

  @BeforeAll
  static void beforeAll() {
    postgres.start();
  }

  @AfterAll
  static void afterAll() {
    postgres.stop();
  }

  @DynamicPropertySource
  static void configureProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
    registry.add("spring.datasource.url", postgres::getJdbcUrl);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.username", postgres::getUsername);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.password", postgres::getPassword);
  }

  @Autowired
  CustomerRepository customerRepository;

  @BeforeEach
  void setUp() {
    RestAssured.baseURI = "http://localhost:" + port;
    customerRepository.deleteAll();
  }

  @Test
  void shouldGetAllCustomers() {
    List<Customer> customers = List.of(
      new Customer(null, "John", "john@mail.com"),
      new Customer(null, "Dennis", "dennis@mail.com")
    );
    customerRepository.saveAll(customers);

    given()
      .contentType(ContentType.JSON)
      .when()
      .get("/api/customers")
      .then()
      .statusCode(200)
      .body(".", hasSize(2));
  }
}

 

7. 테스트

 

* Docker Desktop 띄우고 테스트